Unit 8
Equilibrium.
Reactions that run both ways: dynamic equilibrium, the equilibrium constant, Le Chatelier's principle, and an ammonia plant.
Before this unit
The unit, lesson by lesson
Lessons
4 lessons · 20 practice questions · about 2 hours
Reversible reactions
A reaction that runs both ways and never reaches an end: a brown gas that pairs up and splits back, until the mixture stops changing.
Dynamic equilibrium
Two rates that meet: why nothing changes though the molecules never stop, what is equal at equilibrium and what is not, and the equilibrium constant K.
Le Chatelier's principle
What happens when you disturb an equilibrium: add a reactant, heat it or cool it. The system shifts to reduce the disturbance, and only temperature changes K.
Equilibrium in industry
Pressure, temperature and a catalyst in the Haber process, which makes the ammonia for fertilisers: why squeeze, why not cool all the way, and what the catalyst does not do.